What is Gout?
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid in the blood. When uric acid levels become too high, it crystallises and deposits in joints — most commonly the big toe, ankle, or knee. These needle-sharp crystals trigger a violent immune response, causing sudden, severe pain, redness, and swelling.
The Gout Attack
A classic gout attack comes on suddenly — often at night — with intense pain so severe that even the weight of a bed sheet is unbearable. The affected joint becomes red, swollen, and hot to touch. Without treatment, attacks last 7-10 days and then completely resolve — only to return with increasing frequency.
What Triggers Gout?
Dietary Triggers
- Red meat, especially organ meats like liver and kidney
- Seafood, particularly shellfish and sardines
- Alcohol, especially beer
- Sugary drinks and food with high fructose corn syrup
Medical Triggers
- Dehydration
- Certain medications including diuretics
- Kidney disease reducing uric acid excretion
- Sudden illness or surgery
Treatment
Acute Attack
NSAIDs, colchicine, or short courses of steroids are used to rapidly control inflammation during an attack. Rest and ice application also help.
Long-Term Management
Allopurinol or febuxostat are used to lower uric acid levels long-term and prevent future attacks. Dietary modifications are essential alongside medication.
Lifestyle Changes That Help
- Stay well hydrated — 2.5-3 litres of water daily
- Reduce red meat and seafood intake
- Avoid alcohol, particularly beer
- Maintain healthy weight
🎬 Gout Explained — Dr. Sumit Dubewar
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